Adverbs
副词描述或提供有关动词、形容词、副词或短语的额外信息。
示例:
She was a very happy child.
He ate the hamburger quickly.
Her latest movie is absolutely terrifying!
Don't be gone for too long.
The old, dark house gave me a bad feeling.
地点副词
地点副词告诉我们某事发生的地点，不会改变形容词或副词的含义。
示例:
| 关于 | downstairs | 在...上 |
| 超过 | 东部（等） | 在外部 |
| abroad | elsewhere | 外面 |
| 任何地方 | far | 越过 |
| 远离 | 这里 | 那里 |
| 向后（还有向后） | indoors | 在...下面 |
| Behind | 在...里面 | 在...上面 |
| 在...下面 | 附近 | upstairs |
| 向下 | nearby | 哪里 |
| 离开 |
后缀“…ward”或”…ward“通常表示在指定方向上的移动。
|
Upwards |
The balloon floated upwards when she let it go. |
|
Downward |
The downward dog is his favourite yoga position. |
|
Backwards |
He fell backwards off the horse. |
|
下頁 |
Please move forward so I may get by. |
|
Westward |
The westward facing house was the one they liked the most. |
后缀“…where”也与部分地点副词一起使用。
|
Nowhere |
I have nowhere to go on the weekend, I need to make a plan. |
|
任何地方 |
Is there anywhere you would like to visit while you're here? |
|
某个地方 |
I have to find somewhere with a washroom. |
|
Everywhere |
I've looked everywhere for it. |
时间副词
这些副词告诉我们时间发生的事件。时间副词也告诉我们某事发生的频率或持续的时间。
示例:
| 指代时间的副词 | 指代频率的副词 | 指代持续时间的副词 |
|---|---|---|
| 现在 | 有时 | ages |
| 然后 | 常常 | all day |
| 今天 | 经常 | since last month |
| 明天 | yearly | for several days |
| 今晚 | hourly | for many years |
| 每天 | since the '90s | |
| infrequently | many hours |
I have a meeting with him tomorrow.
We should go to the train station now.
He visits his grandmother yearly.
Ella sometimes adds strawberries to her yoghurt.
I have been using the app since last month.
Miguel has lived in New York since the '90s.
方式副词
方式副词告诉我们事情是怎么发生的。
示例:
| angrily | badly | beautifully | calmingly |
| carefully | cautiously | cleverly | dangerously |
| eagerly | excitedly | foolishly | 快 |
| furiously | happily | greedily | 难 |
| hurriedly | kindly | nervously | politely |
| quickly | quietly | secretly | silently |
| slowly | softly | stupidly | unhappily |
| well | wickedly | willingly | wisely |
Violet secretly hoped she wouldn't have to go to work.
He nervously played with his pen waiting to open the exam booklet.
The car was driving dangerously close to the sidewalk.
They quickly stopped talking when the teacher came in.
He stupidly forgot his car keys and had to go back.
程度副词
程度副词告诉我们某事发生的程度或范围。这类副词可以修饰动词、形容词和副词。
示例:
| Really | Slowly | Fairly | 马上 |
| Just | Very | Quite | Enough |
修饰动词的副词：
He was slowly walking to the park.
They had done enough dancing for one night.
Jenna quickly hid the book behind her back.
修饰形容词的副词：
The kids were very kind to the lost dog.
The hotel ballroom was quite beautiful.
He was fairly happy at his new job.
修饰副词的副词：
She had learned to play chess very well.
The birds ate the seed quite quickly.
The game was really cleverly created.
确定性副词
确定性副词表明我们对某事有多确定或肯定。
示例:
| Certainly | Definitely | Probably | Clearly |
| Undoubtedly | Obviously | Surely |
I'm definitely going to get tickets for that show.
He is clearly feeling guilty about lying to her.
You're obviously not enjoying this movie, let's turn it off.
I'll probably go to the gallery opening on the weekend.
从形容词构成副词
大多数时候，我们可以在形容词的末尾加上“-ly”来构成副词。
如果形容词以“y”结尾，则将“y”替换为”i“，并添加"-ly"。
如果形容词以“-able”、"-ible"或"-le"结尾，则将“-e”替换为”-y“。
如果形容词以“-ic”结尾，加上”-ally“。
| 形容词 | 动词 |
|---|---|
| happy | happily |
| gentle | gently |
| tragic | tragically |
| 缓慢 | slowly |
关系副词
关系副词连接句子或从句。关系副词为 "when"、 "where" 和"why"。
Do you know the reason why he is so upset?
The day when we will have the event is supposed to be sunny.
There is a beautiful library in the university where we met.
疑问副词
我们使用疑问副词“when”、”where“、“why”和 "how"来构成疑问句。
When does the next bus arrive?
Where will you go for summer vacation?
How do I get to the nearest beach?
Why doesn’t he want to come out to dinner with us tonight?