Adjectives
形容詞とは、「高い」、「寂しい」、「教育的な」など、人またはものを表す（または詳しく記述）単語を指します。通常、形容詞は名詞の前に配置され、「taste」や「feel」などの状態や感覚を表す動詞の後に配置されます。
次の例を見てみましょう。
That is a very tall man.
He's such a lonely puppy when I'm at work.
We watched an educational movie.
There was a sweet taste in my mouth.
The old, dark house gave me a bad feeling.
形容詞の語順
複数の形容詞を組み合わせて使用するとき、次の語順で構成されます。
数量、価値・意見、サイズ、温度、年齢、形、色、由来、素材
The tall (size) Chinese (origin) vase was worth a lot of money.
My favourite (value/opinion) old (age) blue (colour) sweater was ruined in the wash.
The cold (temperature) round (shape) metal (material) touched my arm and shocked me.
形容詞で比較する場合
属性が等しいものを2つ比較する場合、次の構文を使用します。
as + 形容詞 + as
Coco is as thirsty as Steve.
She is as tall as her best friend.
The string is as long as the table.
属性が等しくないものを2つ比較する場合、次の構文を使用します。
not as + 形容詞 + as
less + 形容詞 + than
形容詞 + than
They are not as cool as the others.
Miranda is not as funny as her sister.
They are less cool than the others.
Miranda is less funny than her sister.
The others are cooler than them.
Yoko is funnier than Miranda.
数量を表す形容詞
等しいものを比較する場合、次の構文を使用します。
as + 数量を表す形容詞 +（名詞） + as
I had as many books as a library has in my house.
There were as many dogs as there were people at the party.
If I had as few problems as you do, I would be more relaxed.
等しくないものを比較する場合、次の構文を使用します。
数量を示す形容詞 +（名詞）+ than
Sarah has more pens than her sister.
The big monkey has fewer nuts than the small monkey.
We have had more success than they have.
The company made less money than it did last year.
比較級形容詞
比較級形容詞は2つの名詞を比較するときに使用します。比較級形容詞で使用される構文は次の通りです。
名詞（主語）+ 動詞 + 比較級形容詞 + than + 名詞（目的語）。
ほとんどの比較級形容詞は形容詞の後に「-r」または「-er」を付けるか、形容詞の前に「more」を配置して作ります。
| 形容詞 | 比較級 |
|---|---|
| small | smaller |
| wide | wider |
| strong | stronger |
| happy | happier |
| intelligent | more intelligent |
| important | more important |
The fir tree is stronger than the pine tree.
My friend is older than your friend.
Your health is more important than your need for sweet snacks.
The green and the red sweets both taste good, but I like the green better .（「赤よりも....」と暗示しています）
最上級形容詞
最上級形容詞は3つ以上の名詞を比較し、名詞の比較を最高度で表します。構文は次の通りです。
名詞（主語）+ 動詞 + the + 最上級形容詞 + 名詞（目的語）。
ほとんどの最上級形容詞は形容詞に「-est」を付けるか、形容詞の前に「most」を配置して作ります。
| 形容詞 | 最上級 |
|---|---|
| small | smallest |
| wide | widest |
| strong | strongest |
| happy | happiest |
| intelligent | most intelligent |
| important | most important |
Jim's mom is the most intelligent person I know.
My town has the smallest library in the country.
Our dog is happiest when she is chewing on a bone.
比較級と最上級の形容詞の不規則変化
英語の文法に関連するほとんどのことと同様に、上記の最もよく使用される構造には例外があります。最もよく使用される変則的な比較級と最上級を一部紹介します。
| 形容詞 | 比較級 | 最上級 |
|---|---|---|
| far | farther | farthest |
| good | better | best |
| many | more | most |
| well | better | best |
| bad | worse | worst |